We are thrilled to announce a significant milestone for The Sanskara Platform CIC – our recent appointment as the UK representative to the International Alliance for Cannabinoid Medicines (IACM) Patients Council. This prestigious position marks a new chapter in our commitment to advocating for patient rights and fostering collaboration on a global scale.
About IACM Patients Council
The IACM Patients Council is a dynamic coalition of patient organisations from around the world. Its primary objective is to provide a unified voice for patients in the rapidly evolving landscape of medicinal cannabis. By working collectively, these organisations aim to safeguard the rights and interests of patients and ensure their perspectives are integral to the ongoing developments in medicinal cannabis.
Our Role as the UK Representative
As the UK representative to the IACM Patients Council, The Sanskara Platform CIC is honoured to take on the responsibility of championing the concerns, aspirations, and needs of patients in the United Kingdom. This role aligns seamlessly with our core mission of promoting a patient-centric approach to medical cannabis advocacy.
Key Focus Areas
Global Collaboration: We look forward to actively engaging with patient organisations worldwide. By fostering international collaboration, we can share insights, best practices, and advocate for the common goal of improving patient access and rights.
Information Exchange: Our role involves facilitating the exchange of information between patients, organisations, and key stakeholders. By doing so, we aim to contribute to the creation of a well-informed and empowered patient community.
Advocacy and Education: Through our representation, we will advocate for policies that prioritise patient well-being. Education will be a focal point, ensuring that patients are equipped with the knowledge to make informed decisions about their healthcare.
The Sanskara Platform CIC’s Commitment
Our journey with the IACM Patients Council is not just about representation; it’s about effecting positive change. The Sanskara Platform CIC is committed to leveraging this opportunity to enhance the dialogue surrounding medicinal cannabis, challenge stigmas, and drive initiatives that benefit patients globally.
We express our gratitude to our supporters, volunteers, and the entire medical cannabis community. Your encouragement has been instrumental in reaching this milestone. Together, let’s continue advancing patient-centric approaches to medical cannabis and shaping a more compassionate and informed world.
Water Activity: A Guide for Medical Cannabis Producers
Introduction
As the global demand for medical cannabis continues to surge, the attention to quality control measures becomes increasingly critical. One such parameter gaining prominence in the cannabis industry is water activity (aw). This blog delves into the multifaceted role of water activity, extending beyond its conventional association with edibles and food safety. Specifically, we explore its impact on microbial stability, storage stability of harvested buds and extracts, its correlation to product quality attributes, and its implications for shelf life. Additionally, we discuss its current inclusion in state regulations and emphasise the need for a holistic understanding of water activity in the cannabis industry.
The Theory of Water Activity
Water activity is not a novel concept but is deeply rooted in the fundamental laws of thermodynamics, as per Gibb’s free energy equation. It represents the relative chemical potential energy of water in a system, measured by the partial vapour pressure of water in a headspace at equilibrium with the sample. This comprehensive understanding helps differentiate water activity from moisture content, with water activity providing a more accurate indication of microbial, chemical, and physical stability in cannabis products.
Water Activity and Microbial Safety
Microbial contamination poses a significant threat to cannabis products, leading to allergic reactions, respiratory complications, or food borne illnesses. Water activity serves as a critical control point for preventing microbial contamination, dictating the ability of microorganisms to grow and reproduce. While moisture content is an extensive property related to purity, water activity is an intensive property directly influencing microbial growth limits. Establishing water activity below 0.63 aw is crucial for ensuring shelf stability, preventing the growth of pathogenic bacteria and moulds that could compromise product safety.
Water Activity and Chemical Stability
Water activity is not only a guardian against microbial growth but also a determinant of chemical stability in cannabis products. Processing biomass and edibles to water activities below 0.63 aw mitigates the risk of microbial spoilage but doesn’t guarantee unlimited shelf life. Chemical degradation, such as tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) loss due to decarboxylation, becomes a pertinent concern. Water activity influences reaction rates, with lower water activity correlating with minimised chemical degradation. The hygrothermal time model is a valuable tool for predicting reaction rates and establishing the ideal water activity range for maximising shelf life while minimising chemical degradation.
Water Activity and Storage Stability
Harvested cannabis must be adequately dried to facilitate storage and transport. Water activity below 0.63 aw is essential to prevent mould growth, particularly in dried biomass. Adequate packaging, with good moisture barrier properties, becomes imperative to preserve water activity levels during storage and transport.
Water Activity and Regulations
While water activity is recognised for its role in ensuring the safety and stability of cannabis products, its inclusion in state regulations varies. States like Nevada, California, Oregon, and Washington have incorporated water activity testing requirements into their regulations. Additionally, ASTM standards have been established to standardise water activity testing in the cannabis industry, emphasising its importance in maintaining product quality and safety.
Conclusion
In the dynamic landscape of the medical cannabis industry, water activity emerges as a versatile and indispensable parameter. Its influence extends from microbial safety to chemical stability, storage stability, and overall product quality. For medical cannabis producers eyeing the UK market, understanding and controlling water activity is not just a standard to maintain but a strategic move to ensure the longevity, safety, and efficacy of their products. As the industry continues to evolve, embracing the multifaceted significance of water activity will undoubtedly set exporters apart, fostering a reputation for excellence and reliability in the global market.
References
D.S. Reid, Water Activity in Foods (Blackwell Publishing and the Institute of Food Technologists, Ames, Iowa, 2007) pp. 15–28.
A.J. Fontana, Water Activity in Foods (Blackwell Publishing and the Institute of Food Technologists, Ames, Iowa, 2007) pp. 155–171.
M.S. Tapia, S.M. Alzamora, and J. Chirife, Water Activity in Foods (Blackwell Publishing and the Institute of Food Technologists, Ames, Iowa, 2007) pp. 239–271.
H. Lueng, Water Activity: Theory and Applications to Food (Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, New York, 1987) pp. 27–45.
B.P Carter, R.M. Syamaladevi, M.T. Galloway, G.S. Campbell, and S.S. Sablani, Proceedings for the 8th Shelf Life International Meeting, U. Klinkesorn, Ed. (Bangkok, Thailand: Kasetsart University, 2017) pp. 40–45.
The Sanskara Platform and Seed Our Future Co-Author Report with Cannabis Industry Council Urging Employers to Support Prescription Cannabis Patients
07/11/2023 – The Sanskara Platform, in collaboration with Seed Our Future, is pleased to announce the release of an important report addressing the rights of prescription cannabis patients in the workplace. This ground-breaking report, titled ‘The Use of Prescription Cannabis at Work,’ has been authored by Mohammad Wasway, Founder of The Sanskara Platform, and Guy Coxall, Founder of Seed Our Future. It forms a crucial part of the Standards Working Group within the Cannabis Industry Council (CIC).
The report, highlighted by the CIC, reveals a pressing issue affecting prescription cannabis patients and their rights in the workplace. It suggests that current employer practices may put them at risk of breaching the Equality Act. The Act mandates that employers must make reasonable adjustments to accommodate individuals with disabilities, which includes many prescription cannabis patients who often suffer from chronic pain and disabilities.
The CIC’s report underscores the necessity for employers to treat prescription cannabis patients just like any other medical patients, aligning with their legal obligations under the Equality Act 2010 and the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974.
Report co-authors, Mohammad Wasway and Guy Coxall, expressed their concerns, stating, “We have heard from many concerned and vulnerable patients who have been harassed and mistreated by their employers simply for taking their prescription medication. We urge businesses to support their employees and implement sensible and proportionate solutions that will improve employee wellbeing and productivity.”
Elisabetta Faenza, Chair of the CIC Standards Working Group, emphasised the Council’s commitment to upholding workplace rights for prescription cannabis patients, asserting, “The Cannabis Industry Council will be working with employers and unions to uphold workplace rights for prescription cannabis patients, based on law, medicine, and basic compassion. Many businesses say they are committed to equality, diversity, and inclusivity, yet often underdeliver. Now is the time for employers to step up and support ill and disabled employees.”
The report not only sheds light on the medical context surrounding prescription cannabis but also suggests ways to manage its usage by employees. It includes user-friendly flowcharts and illustrative case studies to help employers navigate this complex issue.
Since 2018, specialist doctors have had the authority to prescribe cannabis medicines to their patients, who are then legally permitted to possess and consume this medication. Employers who fail to uphold the workplace rights of patients, including both employees and job applicants, face the risk of being taken to an employment tribunal.
This report is a significant step towards ensuring that prescription cannabis patients receive fair treatment and protection under the law. It calls upon employers to support their employees’ medical needs and uphold the principles of equality, diversity, and inclusivity in the workplace.
The cannabis plant, scientifically known as Cannabis sativa, has been a part of human history for millennia, revered for its versatility and medicinal properties. In this comprehensive blog, we will explore the fascinating anatomy, life cycle, pollination methods, defence mechanisms, habitats, and diverse types, shapes, and colours of the cannabis plant. Let’s embark on this journey of discovery and unravel the enigmatic world of cannabis.
Anatomy of the Cannabis Plant
The cannabis plant is a hardy, dioecious flowering plant, meaning it has separate male and female reproductive structures. Below is a simple table illustrating the basic anatomy of the cannabis plant:
Plant Part
Function
Leaves
Photosynthesis and transpiration
Stems
Support, nutrient transport, and storage
Flowers (Buds)
Reproductive structures containing cannabinoids
Seeds
Reproduction and dispersal of the species
Roots
Anchoring, nutrient and water absorption
1. Cola:
The Cola refers to the cluster of buds at the top of the female cannabis plant. It contains high concentrations of cannabinoids, such as THC and CBD, making it a crucial component for medical cannabis production. Colas are carefully cultivated and harvested for their therapeutic properties, contributing to the medicinal benefits of the plant.
2. Sugar Leaf:
Sugar Leaves are the small, sugar-coated leaves that surround the Cola and other buds. These leaves contain trichomes, which are resin-producing glands responsible for synthesising cannabinoids and terpenes. Sugar Leaves are also utilised in medical cannabis preparations due to their cannabinoid-rich content.
3. Pistil and Stigma:
Pistils and Stigmas are the reproductive structures of the female cannabis plant. The Pistil consists of the Stigma, which is a hair-like structure designed to capture pollen during pollination. While cannabis growers typically remove male plants to prevent seed development, these female reproductive components play a significant role in medical cannabis production as they are rich in cannabinoids and other beneficial compounds.
4. Trichomes:
Trichomes are tiny, crystal-like structures that cover the surface of cannabis plants, including the Cola and Sugar Leaves. These structures are the powerhouse of medicinal compounds, housing a majority of the cannabinoids and terpenes responsible for the therapeutic effects of medical cannabis. Trichomes are carefully preserved during harvesting to ensure maximum medicinal potency.
5. Fan Leaf:
Fan Leaves are the large, fan-shaped leaves that emerge from the cannabis plant’s branches. While they contain minimal cannabinoid content, they play a crucial role in the photosynthesis process, providing the plant with the energy it needs to produce therapeutic compounds. Fan Leaves also contribute to the overall health and vigour of the medical cannabis plant.
6. Bract and Calyx:
Bracts are modified leaves found at the base of each Cola, while Calyxes are small, cup-like structures that encase the cannabis seeds when pollinated. While Bracts and Calyxes have limited cannabinoid content, they are essential components for medical cannabis growers as they protect and support seed development, which is crucial for strain preservation and breeding purposes.
Life Cycle of the Cannabis Plant
The life cycle of the cannabis plant consists of several stages, each crucial for its survival and propagation. Let’s take a look at the key phases:
Germination: The life cycle begins with a seed, which germinates when exposed to water, light, and suitable temperature conditions.
Vegetative Stage: During this phase, the plant focuses on vegetative growth, producing leaves and stems. It requires ample light, nutrients, and water.
Flowering Stage: As the plant matures, it enters the flowering stage. Female plants develop buds containing cannabinoids, while male plants produce pollen for pollination.
Pollination: Cannabis plants employ various pollination methods, primarily wind pollination or insect-facilitated pollination.
Seed Production: If pollination is successful, female plants produce seeds within their buds.
Death and Decay: After seed production, the plant completes its life cycle and eventually dies or goes dormant.
Pollination Methods of the Cannabis Plant
The cannabis plant has developed different strategies for pollination. The two main methods are:
Wind Pollination: In this method, male cannabis plants release pollen grains into the air, which are carried by the wind and may land on female flowers, leading to fertilisation and seed production.
Insect-Facilitated Pollination: Some cannabis strains have co-evolved with insects like bees and butterflies to facilitate pollination. These insects visit male flowers, collect pollen, and transfer it to female flowers, aiding in fertilisation.
Defence Mechanisms of the Cannabis Plant
To protect itself from predators and environmental stressors, the cannabis plant deploys various defence mechanisms. These include:
Cannabinoids: Cannabis plants produce a range of cannabinoids, including THC and CBD, which can deter herbivores and insects.
Trichomes: Tiny hair-like structures on the surface of cannabis leaves and buds secrete resin, which contains cannabinoids and terpenes that can repel pests.
Smell: The strong aroma produced by cannabis plants can attract pollinators and beneficial insects while repelling potential threats.
Adaptability: Cannabis plants can adjust their growth patterns and chemistry in response to environmental conditions, enabling them to survive in various habitats.
Habitats of the Cannabis Plant
The cannabis plant is remarkably adaptable and can thrive in diverse habitats, including:
Outdoor Environments: Cannabis grows well in temperate climates with long growing seasons, such as parts of North America, Europe, and Asia.
Indoor Cultivation: Controlled indoor environments with appropriate lighting, temperature, and humidity can also support cannabis growth.
Greenhouses: Greenhouses offer a balance between outdoor and indoor cultivation, providing a controlled environment with natural light.
Various Types, Shapes, and Colours of Cannabis
Cannabis exhibits a wide array of types, shapes, and colours, influenced by factors such as genetics, cultivation techniques, and environmental conditions. Below are some common cannabis types:
Type
Shape
Colour
Sativa
Tall, slender
Light green, orange, yellow
Indica
Short, bushy
Dark green, purple
Ruderalis
Small and rugged
Pale green
Hybrids
Varies depending on mix
Combination of colours
Conclusion
The cannabis plant is a remarkable botanical wonder, with a rich history and countless applications in various fields. Understanding its anatomy, life cycle, pollination methods, defence mechanisms, habitats, and diverse characteristics can foster appreciation for this extraordinary plant. Whether it’s for medical purposes, recreational use, or industrial applications, the cannabis plant continues to intrigue and amaze humanity, reminding us of the wonders of nature.
Disclaimer: This post aims to provide general information about the cannabis plant. Cultivation, possession, and use of cannabis is illegal without the correct authorisation Always abide by the laws and regulations put in place. Consult a qualified professional for personalised advice related to medical cannabis.
Dry herb vaporising offers a precise and efficient way to consume cannabis, allowing users to experience the therapeutic benefits of cannabinoids and terpenes without the potential harms associated with smoking. To ensure a safe and enjoyable vaporising experience, it’s essential to understand the boiling points of various terpenes and cannabinoids and how they impact the effects of cannabis.
Importance of Temperature Control Temperature control is a critical aspect of dry herb vaporising, as different compounds in cannabis vaporise at specific temperatures. By adjusting the temperature, users can target specific cannabinoids and terpenes to customise their experience.
Anti-inflammatory, Potential Gastro-protective Effects, No Psychoactive effects
Humulene
198°C
Anti-inflammatory, Potential Appetite Suppressant
Terpinolene
185°C
Uplifting, Potential Antioxidant and Anticancer Effects
Bisabolol
329°C
Calming, Potential Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects
Eucalyptol
176°C
Potential Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Effects
Guaiol
167°C
Potential Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects
Nerolidol
161°C
Calming, Potential Sedative and Anti-fungal Effects
Phytol
160°C
Potential Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Effects
Dosage Recommendations Dosage for dry herb vaporising depends on several factors, including individual tolerance, desired effects, the potency of the cannabis strain and prescriber’s guidance. Start with a low dose and gradually increase until the desired effects are achieved.
Safety Considerations Always use a reputable vaporiser with accurate temperature controls to ensure precise dosing and avoid combustion. High temperatures (above 230°C) may produce harmful by-products and should be avoided.
Conclusion Dry herb vaporising provides a customisable and controlled method of cannabis consumption. Understanding the boiling points of cannabinoids and a wide range of terpenes allows users to fine-tune their experience and target specific effects. Start with low temperatures and dosage, gradually increasing as needed, to enjoy the full potential of cannabinoids and terpenes while minimising potential adverse effects.
Disclaimer: The information provided in this context is intended for general informational purposes only and should not be construed as medical advice under any circumstances. It is essential to consult with a qualified healthcare professional or medical practitioner before making any decisions or taking any actions related to medical treatment or dosing. The content here does not replace professional medical guidance, and any reliance on the information presented is at your own risk. We strive to maintain accuracy and up-to-date information; however, we do not warrant the completeness, reliability, or validity of the information provided. Therefore, we disclaim any liability for any adverse outcomes or damages arising from the use or misuse of the information mentioned here. Always seek personalised medical advice from a licensed healthcare provider for your specific medical condition or situation.
Releaf, the UK’s first all-in-one medicinal cannabis e-clinic, has released the findings of its comprehensive report on medicinal cannabis usage in the country. The report, based on a survey of 4,210 respondents, highlights the significant lack of prescriptions and widespread public unawareness of the legal status of medicinal cannabis in the UK. In this blog post, we will delve into the key insights from the report and shed light on the challenges faced by patients and the need for increased awareness and access to this alternative treatment option.
The Releaf report reveals that an estimated 50.2% of the UK population, approximately 29.6 million people, could be eligible for a medicinal cannabis prescription. However, only 0.48% of the population has received such a prescription. This significant disparity highlights the limited availability of medical cannabis and the challenges patients face in accessing this potentially beneficial treatment.
Among the respondents with conditions suitable for medicinal cannabis treatment, 45.6% reported living with significant distress and discomfort. Chronic pain, depression, cancer, and migraines were cited as some of the most prevalent treatable illnesses. These findings emphasise the potential for medical cannabis to alleviate suffering and improve the quality of life for individuals living with these conditions.
Despite the legalisation of medicinal cannabis for prescriptions in 2018, the report indicates that 58.5% of respondents were unsure of its legal status in the UK. This lack of awareness contributes to the societal stigma surrounding medical cannabis and inhibits patients from exploring it as a viable treatment option.
The Releaf report highlights the social stigma associated with medicinal cannabis use. Approximately 34.16% of respondents expressed concerns about using medical cannabis due to the fear of being mistaken for engaging in illegal activities. Moreover, 16.86% of participants worried about disapproval from friends and family, indicating the need for a more open and understanding societal attitude towards this form of treatment.
Medicinal cannabis was legalised in the UK for prescriptions in 2018, and numerous studies have documented its potential to improve symptoms such as chronic pain, fatigue, anxiety, and more. Conditions eligible for medicinal cannabis treatment include chronic pain, depression, cancer, and migraines. Data from the Releaf report showed that 19.74% of respondents reported having anxiety, making it the most prevalent diagnosed condition suitable for medical cannabis treatment.
The Call for Awareness and Change
Mason Soiza, founder and CEO of Releaf, emphasises the importance of spreading awareness and challenging negative perceptions surrounding medicinal cannabis. The report reveals that over two-thirds (67.67%) of people would consider using medical cannabis as a treatment option. This highlights the potential benefits associated with medicinal cannabis and the need to change societal beliefs to provide access to those who can clinically benefit from it.
Dr. Stephen D’Souza, Medical Director at Releaf, further stresses the need for additional research on the efficacy of medicinal cannabis and the potential to treat symptoms like depression, migraines, and gut health. With more research, the goal is to spread greater awareness and change public perceptions regarding this alternative form of treatment.
Releaf’s All-in-One Medicinal Cannabis E-Clinic As part of its campaign, Releaf plans to launch the UK’s first all-in-one medicinal cannabis e-clinic later this summer. The platform offers a wholly online, discreet service for those seeking an assessment for prescription medical cannabis. The unique approach involves video consultations with leading cannabis specialist doctors, offering personalised strains and recommended dosages, and facilitating the prescription process.
The Releaf report highlights the significant lack of prescriptions and public awareness regarding medicinal cannabis in the UK. With a high proportion of the population eligible for this form of treatment, it is crucial to address the barriers to access and reduce the social stigma associated with medical cannabis. By increasing awareness and understanding, the potential benefits of medicinal cannabis can be realised, improving the lives of millions of individuals living with treatable conditions. Releaf’s report serves as a call to action for policymakers, healthcare professionals, and the public to support evidence-based policies and create a more inclusive and informed environment for patients seeking alternative treatment options like medical cannabis.
Note: The information presented in this blog post is based on the findings of the Releaf report and the associated press release. For more details and to access the full report, please visit the Releaf website at releaf.co.uk.
To support The Sanskara Platform with our mission to raise awareness and increase access to medical cannabis, visit our support us page and check out our patient outreach page.
In the rapidly advancing field of medical cannabis, researchers and manufacturers continuously explore new cannabinoids with the potential for therapeutic benefits. Hexahydrocannabinol (HHC), a lesser-known compound found in cannabis plants, has attracted attention due to its unique properties and potential medical applications. This comprehensive blog post aims to provide medical cannabis patients and academics with an in-depth understanding of HHC, including its definition, pros and cons, sources, manufacturing processes, and potential medical uses.
What is Hexahydrocannabinol (HHC)?
Hexahydrocannabinol (HHC) is a naturally occurring cannabinoid found in cannabis plants. Structurally similar to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary psychoactive component of cannabis, HHC features a slightly altered molecular structure. Like other cannabinoids, HHC is derived from cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), the precursor molecule for various cannabinoids in the cannabis plant.
Pros of Hexahydrocannabinol (HHC)
Therapeutic Potential: Preliminary research suggests that HHC may possess therapeutic properties, including analgesic (pain-relieving), anti-inflammatory, and anti-anxiety effects. Further studies are necessary to investigate its potential in treating specific medical conditions.
Alternative to THC: HHC provides an alternative for patients who may experience adverse effects or discomfort associated with high levels of THC consumption. It may offer a more balanced and subtle psychoactive experience while potentially reducing THC-related side effects.
Novel Cannabinoid: HHC expands the range of cannabinoids available for researchers to explore, contributing to our understanding of the complex chemistry of cannabis and its medicinal applications. It presents an exciting opportunity to uncover new therapeutic possibilities.
Cons of Hexahydrocannabinol (HHC)
Limited Research: As a relatively new cannabinoid, scientific research on HHC remains limited. This lack of comprehensive studies makes it challenging to fully assess its safety profile, potential side effects, and long-term impacts. Further research is needed to evaluate its efficacy and safety in various medical contexts.
Regulatory Status: The legal and regulatory status of HHC may vary across different jurisdictions. It is crucial for patients and consumers to adhere to local laws and regulations regarding the use and possession of HHC-containing products. Engaging in transparent and open communication with healthcare professionals is essential.
Sources of Hexahydrocannabinol (HHC)
HHC can be found in cannabis plants, albeit in relatively low concentrations compared to other cannabinoids like THC and CBD. It is primarily obtained through specialized cultivation techniques and genetic selection to enhance HHC production in specific cannabis strains. Cultivators employ careful breeding strategies to optimize the production of this unique cannabinoid.
Manufacturing Hexahydrocannabinol (HHC)
The manufacturing process for HHC involves several crucial steps, including extraction, isolation, and purification. Here is a detailed overview of the process:
Extraction: The initial step involves extracting the desired cannabinoids, including HHC, from cannabis plant material. Common extraction methods include solvent-based techniques such as hydrocarbon or ethanol extraction. These methods help separate the cannabinoids from the plant material, resulting in a crude extract.
Isolation: Following extraction, the crude cannabinoid extract undergoes further purification to isolate HHC. Techniques like chromatography, crystallization, or distillation are employed to separate HHC from other cannabinoids and impurities present in the crude extract. The specific isolation method may vary based on the desired purity and intended application of the HHC.
Purification: To obtain a high-purity form of HHC, additional purification steps are necessary. Filtration techniques, solvent removal, and further chromatographic separations can be employed to remove residual impurities and enhance the purity of the HHC isolate.
Formulation: Once the purified HHC is obtained, it can be incorporated into various delivery systems such as oils, tinctures, capsules, or topical products, depending on the desired application and patient needs. These formulations enable convenient and precise dosing for medical cannabis patients.
Potential Medical Applications of Hexahydrocannabinol (HHC)
While research on HHC is still in its early stages, several potential medical applications have been proposed based on the known effects of cannabinoids. These potential applications include:
Pain Management: HHC’s analgesic properties may make it a potential candidate for managing chronic pain conditions. Further research is needed to evaluate its effectiveness in different pain syndromes and compare it to existing treatments.
Inflammation: Studies suggest that HHC might possess anti-inflammatory properties, which could be explored in the treatment of inflammatory conditions such as arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
Anxiety and Mood Disorders: HHC’s potential anxiolytic effects may offer benefits in managing anxiety and mood disorders. Further research is necessary to explore its efficacy, safety, and optimal dosing regimens.
Neurological Disorders: Given the complex interaction between cannabinoids and the endocannabinoid system in the brain, HHC could be investigated for its potential in neuroprotective and neurodegenerative disorders like epilepsy, multiple sclerosis (MS), and Parkinson’s disease.
Conclusion
Hexahydrocannabinol (HHC) represents a novel cannabinoid that holds promise for therapeutic applications within the field of medical cannabis. While research on HHC is still limited, its potential benefits and unique properties warrant further investigation. Medical cannabis patients considering the use of HHC-containing products should consult healthcare professionals and adhere to local laws and regulations. As scientific knowledge expands, a better understanding of HHC’s advantages, drawbacks, and optimal medical applications will emerge, contributing to the advancement of cannabis-based therapies.
Terpenes, the aromatic compounds found in various plants, including cannabis, have gained attention for their potential therapeutic benefits. These natural wonders not only provide delightful scents and flavours but also contribute to the entourage effect, enhancing the medicinal properties of cannabinoids. In this comprehensive guide, we will delve into the world of terpenes, exploring their diverse benefits and highlighting their presence in cannabis strains.
What are Terpenes?
Terpenes are organic compounds produced in the resin glands of plants, including cannabis. They are responsible for the distinctive aromas and tastes of different strains. In addition to their sensory appeal, terpenes offer a range of therapeutic effects. More than 200 terpenes have been identified in cannabis, each with its own unique characteristics and potential health benefits.
Natural Occurrence of Terpenes
Terpenes are not unique to cannabis; they are widespread in the plant kingdom and can be found in various fruits, vegetables, herbs, and flowers. These compounds are synthesised in the resin glands of plants and serve essential ecological functions. In nature, terpenes act as attractants for pollinators, deterrents for predators, and defence mechanisms against microbial and insect attacks. The diverse aromas and flavours emitted by plants owe their existence to the rich variety of terpenes present. From the soothing scent of lavender to the zesty aroma of citrus fruits, terpenes create an aromatic symphony in the natural world.
Historical and Cultural Influence of Terpenes
Terpenes have played significant roles in human history and culture. For centuries, people have utilised the aromatic properties of plants containing terpenes for various purposes. In ancient civilisations, plants rich in terpenes were used in traditional medicine, perfumery, and religious rituals. The Egyptians used myrrh, a resinous plant containing terpenes, in embalming processes. The ancient Greeks and Romans valued the uplifting effects of terpene-rich plants like mint and rosemary. Throughout history, the cultural significance of terpenes has extended to culinary arts, where herbs and spices infused with terpenes add depth and flavour to dishes. Today, terpenes continue to shape the world of fragrance, food, and medicine, providing us with an appreciation of nature’s aromatic wonders.
Harnessing Terpenes for Medicinal Use
For medical cannabis patients, understanding terpenes is essential for optimising treatment. By selecting strains with specific terpene profiles, patients can tailor their cannabis-based therapies to suit their individual needs. Consulting with a knowledgeable healthcare professional or pharmacist experienced in medical cannabis can provide valuable guidance in strain selection.
Terpenes have shown promise in various areas of health and wellness. When combined with cannabinoids like THC and CBD, they work synergistically to enhance the therapeutic potential of cannabis. Let’s explore some of the prominent terpenes found in cannabis and their potential medicinal benefits:
Myrcene:
Aroma: Herbal, Musky
Medicinal Benefits:
Sedative properties, aiding in relaxation and stress relief.
Potential anti-inflammatory effects, which may help reduce pain and inflammation.
Limonene:
Aroma: Citrus
Medicinal Benefits:
Uplifting and energising, making it effective in combating depression and anxiety.
May have gastro-protective properties, promoting digestive health.
Pinene:
Aroma: Pine
Medicinal Benefits:
Promotes mental alertness and memory retention.
Acts as a bronchodilator, potentially aiding respiratory conditions like asthma.
Linalool:
Aroma: Floral
Medicinal Benefits:
Exhibits calming effects, helping to ease anxiety and improve sleep quality.
Shows potential as an antimicrobial, aiding in wound healing and infection prevention.
Caryophyllene:
Aroma: Spicy, Peppery
Medicinal Benefits:
Acts as a potent anti-inflammatory agent, potentially relieving chronic pain.
Binds to CB2 receptors, contributing to the overall anti-inflammatory effect.
Humulene:
Aroma: Earthy, Woody
Medicinal Benefits:
Exhibits anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.
May have potential as an appetite suppressant.
Terpinolene:
Aroma: Floral, Herbal
Medicinal Benefits:
Exhibits sedative effects, aiding in relaxation and sleep.
Shows promise as an antioxidant and anticancer agent.
Terpineol:
Aroma: Floral, Lilac
Medicinal Benefits:
May have relaxing and sedative effects.
Shows potential as an antimicrobial and antioxidant.
Table of Known Terpenes and Their Health Benefits:
Terpenes, the aromatic compounds found in cannabis and other plants, offer more than just pleasant scents and flavours. These natural wonders possess a wide range of potential medicinal benefits when combined with cannabinoids. By exploring the diverse terpenes present in cannabis strains, patients can make informed choices to enhance their health and well-being. As the scientific understanding of terpenes continues to grow, we can expect further advancements in cannabis-based therapies and the utilisation of these aromatic healers.
Note: It is crucial to consult with a qualified healthcare professional before starting any medical cannabis treatment to ensure safety and efficacy for your specific medical conditions.
In the realm of medical cannabis, a significant disparity exists between patients’ needs and their access to appropriate treatments. While progress has been made, with the UK government allowing specialists to prescribe cannabis medicines in 2018, a critical challenge remains: general practitioners (GPs) are still unable to prescribe this potentially life-changing therapy. As a consequence, a staggering 1.8 million individuals in the UK are compelled to turn to the illicit cannabis market for medical reasons. This is further exacerbated by the financial strain faced by those on low incomes, who struggle to afford private prescriptions. It’s high time we address these issues and embark on a transformative journey to protect our patients and enhance healthcare outcomes.
The ‘Protect our Patients’ campaign is a groundbreaking initiative aimed at rectifying the inequity surrounding medical cannabis prescriptions. Its core mission is to advocate for GPs to be granted the same prescribing rights as consultants, thus empowering them to effectively support their patients in need. By removing the existing barriers, we can ensure that every individual, regardless of their socioeconomic background, has access to safe and effective cannabis-based treatments.
In 2018, the UK government acknowledged the therapeutic potential of cannabis medicines and legalised their prescription. However, this progressive step fell short in one crucial aspect: GPs were excluded from the regulatory framework, limiting their ability to provide comprehensive care to their patients. This oversight has resulted in a significant gap in access to medical cannabis, forcing patients to navigate the illicit market or face financial hardship to obtain private prescriptions.
GPs serve as the first point of contact for patients, entrusted with their comprehensive healthcare. By granting them the authority to prescribe cannabis medicines, we open doors to a range of benefits:
Enhanced Patient Care: GPs possess invaluable knowledge of their patients’ medical history and overall health. Empowering them to prescribe cannabis allows for personalised and holistic treatment plans, resulting in improved patient outcomes.
Expanded Access: With GPs authorized to prescribe medical cannabis, patients would no longer be restricted to seeking specialized care. This democratization of access ensures that everyone can benefit from this therapeutic option, regardless of geographical location or referral requirements.
Cost Savings: By enabling GPs to prescribe medical cannabis, patients from all walks of life will have access to affordable treatments within the public healthcare system. This will alleviate the burden faced by those currently reliant on expensive private prescriptions or illicit sources.
The time has come to bridge the gap in patient care and advocate for the empowerment of GPs to prescribe medical cannabis. Together, let’s protect our patients and ensure equitable access to life-changing treatments. Visit ProtectOurPatients.co.uk to learn more about the campaign, get involved, and be part
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